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Seasonal and diurnal variations in the direction ofpropagation of medium-scale travelling ionospheric disturbances (MSTIDs) havebeen investigated by analyzing sea echo returns detected by the TIGERSuperDARN radar located in Tasmania (43.4° S, 147.2° Egeographic; –54.6°Λ). A strong dependency on localtime was found, as well as significant seasonal variations. Generally, thepropagation direction has a northward (i.e. equatorward) component. In theearly morning hours the direction of propagation is quite variablethroughout the year. It then becomes predominantly northwest and changes tonortheast around 09:00 LT. In late fall and winter it changes back tonorth/northwest around 15:00 LT. During the other seasons, northwardpropagation is very obvious near dawn and dusk, but no significant northwardpropagation is observed at noon.It is suggested that the variable propagation direction in the morning isrelated to irregular magnetic disturbances that occur at this local time.The changes in the MSTID propagation directions near dawn and dusk aregenerally consistent with changes in ionospheric electric fields occurringat these times and is consistent with dayside MSTIDs being generated by theLorentz force. Key words. Ionosphere (ionospheric disturbances; wavepropagation; ionospheric irregularities; signal processing

Studies of medium scale travelling ionospheric disturbances using TIGER SuperDARN radar sea echo observations