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Planetary waves are\ud oscillations of very predominantly tropospheric origin with typical periods of\ud about 2–30 days. Their dominant zonal wave numbers are 1, 2 and 3, i.e. the\ud waves are of large-scale (global) character. The planetary wave type\ud oscillations have been observed in the lower and middle atmosphere but also in\ud the ionosphere, including the ionospheric F2-layer. Here, we deal only with the\ud oscillations analyzed for four European stations over a solar cycle with the\ud use of the Meyer and Morlet wavelet transforms. Waves with periods near 5, 10\ud and 16 days are studied. Only events with a duration of three wave-cycles and\ud more are considered. The 5-day period wave events display a typical duration of\ud 4 cycles, while 10- and 16-day wave events are less persistent, with a typical\ud duration of about 3.5 cycles and 3 cycles, respectively. The persistence\ud pattern in terms of number of cycles and in terms of number of days is\ud different. In terms of number of cycles, the typical persistence of\ud oscillations decreases with increasing period. On the other hand, in terms of\ud number of days the typical persistence evidently increases with increasing\ud period. The spectral distribution of event duration is too broad to allow for a\ud reasonable prediction of event duration. Thus, the predictability of the\ud planetary wave type oscillations in <i>f</i>oF2 seems to be very questionable.  <b>Key words. </b>Ionosphere\ud (ionosphere-atmosphere interaction, mid-latitude ionosphere, ionospheric\ud disturbances) – Meteorology and atmospheric dynamics (waves and tides

Persistence of the planetary wave type oscillations in &lt;i&gt;fo&lt;/i&gt;F2 over Europe

Persistence of the planetary wave type oscillations in <i>fo</i>F2 over Europe