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Profiles of CFC-11 (CCl3F), CFC-12 (CCl2F2) and HCFC-22 (CHF2Cl) have been obtained from Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) solar absorption measurements above the Saint-Denis (St Denis) and Maïdo sites at Réunion Island (21° S, 55° E) with low vertical\udresolution. FTIR profile retrievals are performed by the well-established\udSFIT4 program and the detail retrieval strategies along with the\udsystematic/random uncertainties of CFC-11, CFC-12 and HCFC-22 are discussed\udin this study. The FTIR data of all three species are sensitive to the whole\udtroposphere and the lowermost stratosphere, with the peak sensitivity between\ud5 and 10 km.\ud \udThe ground-based FTIR data have been compared with the collocated Michelson\udInterferometer for Passive Atmospheric Sounding (MIPAS/ENVISAT) data and\udfound to be in good agreement: the observed mean relative biases and standard\uddeviations of the differences between the smoothed MIPAS and FTIR partial\udcolumns (6–30 km) are (−4.3 and 4.4 %), (−2.9 and 4.6 %) and\ud(−0.7 and 4.8 %) for CFC-11, CFC-12 and HCFC-22, respectively, which\udare within the combined error budgets from both measurements. The season\udcycles of CFC-11, CFC-12 and HCFC-22 from FTIR measurements and MIPAS data\udshow a similar variation: concentration is highest in February–April and\udlowest in August–October.\ud \udThe trends derived from the combined St Denis and Maïdo FTIR time series\udare −0.86 ± 0.12 and 2.84 ± 0.06 % year−1 for CFC-11\udand HCFC-22, respectively, for the period 2004 to 2016, and\ud−0.76 ± 0.05 % year−1 for CFC-12 for 2009 to 2016. These\udmeasurements are consistent with the trends observed by the National Oceanic\udand Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Global Monitoring Division's (GMD)\udHalocarbons & other Atmospheric Trace Species Group (HATS) measurements at\udSamoa (14.2° S, 170.5° W) for CFC-11\ud(−0.87 ± 0.04 % year−1), but slightly weaker for HCFC-22\ud(3.46 ± 0.05 %) year−1 and stronger for CFC-12\ud(−0.60 ± 0.02 % year−1)

CFC-11, CFC-12 and HCFC-22 ground-based remote sensing FTIR measurements at Réunion Island and comparisons with MIPAS/ENVISAT data