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Acquisition of accurate raindrop fall speed measurementsoutdoors in natural rain by means of moderate-cost and easy-to-use devicesrepresents a long-standing and challenging issue in the meteorologicalcommunity. Feasibility experiments were conducted to evaluate the indooraccuracy of fall speed measurements made with a high-speed camera and toevaluate its capability for outdoor applications. An indoor experimentoperating in calm conditions showed that the high-speed imaging techniquecan provide fall speed measurements with a mean error of 4.1–9.7 % compared to Gunn and Kinzer's empirical fall-speed–size relationshipfor typical sizes of rain and drizzle drops. Results obtained using the sameapparatus outside in summer afternoon showers indicated larger positive andnegative velocity deviations compared to the indoor measurements. Theseobserved deviations suggest that ambient flow and turbulence play a role inmodifying drop fall speeds which can be quantified with future outdoorhigh-speed camera measurements. Because the fall speed measurements, aspresented in this article, are analyzed on the basis of tracking individual,specific raindrops, sampling uncertainties commonly found in the widelyadopted optical disdrometers can be significantly mitigated

Measuring droplet fall speed with a high-speed camera: indoor accuracy and potential outdoor applications