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The Geostationary Fourier Transform Spectrometer (GeoFTS) is designed tomeasure high-resolution spectra of reflected sunlight in three near-infraredbands centered around 0.76, 1.6, and 2.3 μm and to deliver simultaneousretrievals of column-averaged dry air mole fractions of CO2, CH4,CO, and H2O (denoted XCO2, XCH4, XCO, and XH2O,respectively) at different times of day over North America. In this study,we perform radiative transfer simulations over both clear-sky and all-skyscenes expected to be observed by GeoFTS and estimate the prospectiveperformance of retrievals based on results from Bayesian error analysis andcharacterization. We find that, for simulated clear-sky retrievals, the average retrievalbiases and single-measurement precisions are < 0.2 % forXCO2, XCH4, and XH2O, and < 2 % for XCO, when the apriori values have a bias of 3 % and an uncertainty of 3 %. In addition,an increase in the amount of aerosols and ice clouds leads to a notableincrease in the retrieval biases and slight worsening of the retrievalprecisions. Furthermore, retrieval precision is a strong function ofsignal-to-noise ratio and spectral resolution. This simulation study canhelp guide decisions on the design of the GeoFTS observing system, which canresult in cost-effective measurement strategies while achieving satisfactorylevels of retrieval precisions and biases. The simultaneous retrievals atdifferent times of day will be important for more accurate estimation ofcarbon sources and sinks on fine spatiotemporal scales and for studiesrelated to the atmospheric component of the water cycle

atmospheric measurement techniques

Simulated retrievals for the remote sensing of CO&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;2&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt;, CH&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;4&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt;, CO, and H&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;2&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt;O from geostationary orbit