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From the high spectral resolution thermal infrared observations of the Infrared Atmospheric  Sounding Interferometer (IASI) mineral dust AOD (transferred from thermal infrared to  0.5 μm) is retrieved using a Singular Vector Decomposition of brightness  temperature spectra. As infrared retrieval based on 8–12 μm observations, dust  observation with IASI is independent from solar illumination. Through the linear  combinations of suitable independent singular vectors weighted by their contribution to the  observed signal, and a projection of different a-priori dust spectra on the resulting signal  the dust can be well distinguished from the influence of surface emissivity and gas  absorption. In contrast to lookup-table based single-channel retrievals this method takes  advantage of the spectral shape of dust extinction and surface and atmosphere influence over  the total 8–12 μm window band. Using different a-priori spectra for dust  extinction allows also for an estimation of dust particle size in terms of effective radius  based on the respective dust model size distributions. These dust models are also used for  the transfer of infrared AOD to 0.5 μm.  Four months of IASI observations covering Northern Africa and Arabia are used for  evaluation. Two large scale dust events, one covering the Arabian Peninsula and adjacent  parts of the Indian Ocean, the other over the Atlantic Ocean off the coast of West-Africa,  are analysed and compared with other satellite images. They also show the good suitability  of IASI data for dust observation at day and night. Monthly means derived from IASI  observations represent well the known seasonal cycles of dust activity over Northern Africa  and Arabia. IASI Dust AOD<sub>0.5 μm</sub> and AERONET coarse mode  AOD<sub>0.5 μm</sub> are reasonably well (linearly) correlated with  &rho;=0.623. Moreover, comparison of time series of AERONET and IASI observations shows  that the evolution of dust events is very well covered by the IASI observations. Rank  correlation between dust effective radius and AERONET Ångström exponent is −0.557  indicating the general capability of (qualitative) dust particle size information being  provided by this method

Thermal infrared remote sensing of mineral dust over land and ocean: a spectral SVD based retrieval approach for IASI