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Abstract. This work employs ground- and space-based observations, togetherwith model data, to study columnar abundances of atmospheric trace gases(XH2O, XCO2, XCH4 and XCO) in two high-latitude Russian cities, St. Petersburg and Yekaterinburg. Two portable COllaborative ColumnCarbon Observing Network (COCCON) spectrometers were used for continuousmeasurements at these locations during 2019 and 2020. Additionally, a subset of data of special interest (a strong gradient in XCH4 and XCO was detected) collected in the framework of a mobile city campaign performed in 2019 using both instruments is investigated. All studied satellite products (TROPOMI, OCO-2, GOSAT, MUSICA IASI) show generally good agreement with COCCON observations. Satellite and ground-based observations at high latitudes are much sparser than at low or mid latitudes, which makes directcoincident comparisons between remote-sensing observations more difficult.Therefore, a method of scaling continuous Copernicus AtmosphereMonitoring Service (CAMS) model data to theground-based observations is developed and used for creating virtual COCCONobservations. These adjusted CAMS data are then used for satellitevalidation, showing good agreement in both Peterhof and Yekaterinburg. The gradients between the two study sites (ΔXgas) aresimilar between CAMS and CAMS-COCCON datasets, indicating that the modelgradients are in agreement with the gradients observed by COCCON. This isfurther supported by a few simultaneous COCCON and satellite ΔXgasmeasurements, which also agree with the model gradient. With respect to thecity campaign observations recorded in St Petersburg, the downwind COCCONstation measured obvious enhancements for both XCH4 (10.6 ppb) and XCO (9.5 ppb), which is nicely reflected by TROPOMI observations, which detect city-scale gradients of the order 9.4 ppb for XCH4 and 12.5 ppb for XCO.

atmospheric measurement techniques

Investigation of spaceborne trace gas products over St Petersburg and Yekaterinburg, Russia, by using COllaborative Column Carbon Observing Network (COCCON) observations