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. Radiosonde (RS) is widely used to detect the verticalstructures of the planetary boundary layer (PBL), and numerous methods havebeen proposed for retrieving PBL height (PBLH) from RS data. However, analgorithm that is suitable under all atmospheric conditions does not exist.This study evaluates the performance of four common PBLH algorithms underdifferent thermodynamic stability conditions based on RS data collected fromnine sites in January–December 2019. The four RS algorithms are thepotential temperature gradient method (GMθ), relative humidity(RH) gradient method (GMRH), parcel method (PM) and Richardson numbermethod (RM). Atmospheric conditions are divided into convective boundarylayer (CBL), neutral boundary layer (NBL) and stable boundary layer (SBL) onthe basis of the potential temperature profile. Results indicate that SBL isdominant at nighttime, whilst CBL dominates at daytime. Under all and SBLclassifications, PBLH retrieved by RM is typically higher than thoseretrieved using the other methods. On the contrary, the PBLH result retrieved byPM is the lowest. Under CBL and NBL classifications, PBLH retrieved by PM isthe highest. PBLH retrieved by GMθ and GMRH is relativelylow under all classifications. Moreover, the uncertainty analysis shows thatthe consistency of PBLH retrieved by different algorithms is more than80 % under CBL and NBL classifications. By contrast, the consistency ofPBLH is less than 60 % under SBL classification. The average profiles andstandard deviations of wind speed and potential temperature under consistentand inconsistent conditions are also investigated. The results indicate thatconsistent cases are typically accompanied by evident atmosphericstratification, such as a large gradient in the potential temperatureprofile or a low-level jet in the wind speed profile. These results indicatethat the reliability of the PBLH results retrieved from RS data is affectedby the structure of the boundary layer. Overall, GMθ and RM areappropriate for CBL condition. GMθ and PM are recommended for NBLcondition. GMθ and GMRH are robust for SBL condition. Thiscomprehensive comparison provides a reference for selecting the appropriatealgorithm when retrieving PBLH from RS data.

Evaluation of retrieval methods for planetary boundary layer height based on radiosonde data