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. As part of control techniques, gust-alleviation systems usingairborne Doppler lidar technology are expected to enhance aviation safety bysignificantly reducing the risk of turbulence-related accidents. Accuratemeasurement and estimation of the vertical wind velocity are very importantin the successful implementation of such systems. An estimation algorithmfor the airflow vector based on data from airborne lidars is proposed andinvestigated for preview control to prevent turbulence-induced aircraftaccidents in flight. An existing technique – simple vector conversion –assumes that the wind field between the lidars is homogeneous, but thisassumption fails when turbulence occurs due to a large wind-velocityfluctuation. The proposed algorithm stores the line-of-sight (LOS) wind dataat every moment and uses recent and past LOS wind data to estimate theairflow vector and to extrapolate the wind field between the airborne twinlidars without the assumption of homogeneity. Two numericalexperiments – using the ideal vortex model and numerical weather prediction,respectively – were conducted to evaluate the estimation performance of theproposed method. The proposed method has much better performance than simplevector conversion in both experiments, and it can estimate accuratetwo-dimensional wind-field distributions, unlike simple vector conversion.The estimation performance and the computational cost of the proposed methodcan satisfy the performance demand for preview control.

Real-time estimation of airflow vector based on lidar observations for preview control