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. The Geostationary Environment Monitoring Spectrometer (GEMS) is scheduled tobe launched in 2019–2020 on board the GEO-KOMPSAT (GEOstationary KOreaMulti-Purpose SATellite)-2B, contributing as the Asian partner of the globalgeostationary constellation of air quality monitoring. To support this airquality satellite mission, we perform a cross-evaluation of simulated GEMSozone profile retrievals from OMI (Ozone Monitoring Instrument) data basedon the optimal estimation and ozonesonde measurements within the GEMSdomain, covering from 5 ∘  S (Indonesia) to45 ∘  N (south of the Russian border) and from75 to 145 ∘  E. The comparison betweenozonesonde and GEMS shows a significant dependence on ozonesonde types.Ozonesonde data measured by modified Brewer–Mast (MBM) at Trivandrum andNew Delhi show inconsistent seasonal variabilities in tropospheric ozonecompared to carbon–iodine (CI) and electrochemical condensation cell (ECC)ozonesondes at other stations in a similar latitude regime. CI ozonesondemeasurements are negatively biased relative to ECC measurements by 2–4 DU;better agreement is achieved when simulated GEMS ozone retrievals arecompared to ECC measurements. ECC ozone data at Hanoi, Kuala Lumpur, andSingapore show abnormally worse agreements with simulated GEMS retrievalsthan other ECC measurements. Therefore, ECC ozonesonde measurements at HongKong, Pohang, Naha, Sapporo, and Tsukuba are finally identified as anoptimal reference dataset. The accuracy of simulated GEMS retrievals isestimated to be ∼5.0  % for both tropospheric andstratospheric column ozone with the precision of 15 % and 5 %, whichmeets the GEMS ozone requirements.

Cross-evaluation of GEMS tropospheric ozone retrieval performance using OMI data and the use of an ozonesonde dataset over East Asia for validation