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. We have explored a one-step method for gravimetric preparation ofCO2-in-air standards in aluminum cylinders. We consider both adsorptionto stainless steel surfaces used in the transfer of highly pure CO2 andadsorption of CO2 to cylinder walls. We demonstrate that CO2-in-airstandards can be prepared with relatively low uncertainty (∼ 0.04 %, ∼95 % confidence level) by introducing aliquotswhose masses are known to high precision and by using well-characterizedcylinders. Five gravimetric standards, prepared over the nominal range of 350 to490 µmol mol−1 (parts per million, ppm), showed excellentinternal consistency, with residuals from a linear fit equal to 0.05 ppm.This work compliments efforts to maintain the World MeteorologicalOrganization, Global Atmosphere Watch, mole fraction scale for carbon dioxidein air, widely used for atmospheric monitoring. This gravimetric techniquecould be extended to other atmospheric trace gases, depending on the vaporpressure of the gas.

Gravimetrically prepared carbon dioxide standards in support of atmospheric research