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. Determination of cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) numberconcentrations at cloud base is important to constrain aerosol–cloudinteractions. A new method to retrieve CCN number concentrations usingbackscatter and extinction profiles from multiwavelength Raman lidars isproposed. The method implements hygroscopic enhancements of backscatter andextinction with relative humidity to derive dry backscatter and extinctionand humidogram parameters. Humidogram parameters, Ångströmexponents, and lidar extinction-to-backscatter ratios are then linked to theratio of CCN number concentration to dry backscatter and extinctioncoefficient (ARξ). This linkage is established based onthe datasets simulated by Mie theory and κ-Köhler theory with in-situ-measured particle size distributions and chemical compositions. CCNnumber concentration can thus be calculated with ARξ anddry backscatter and extinction. An independent theoretical simulated datasetis used to validate this new method and results show that the retrieved CCNnumber concentrations at supersaturations of 0.07 %, 0.10 %, and0.20 % are in good agreement with theoretical calculated values.Sensitivity tests indicate that retrieval error in CCN arises mostly fromuncertainties in extinction coefficients and RH profiles. The proposedmethod improves CCN retrieval from lidar measurements and has greatpotential in deriving scarce long-term CCN data at cloud base, which benefitsaerosol–cloud interaction studies.

Method to retrieve cloud condensation nuclei number concentrations using lidar measurements