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. Scanning transmission X-ray microscopy coupled with near-edge X-rayabsorption and fine structure (STXM-NEXAFS) spectroscopy can be used tocharacterize the morphology and composition of aerosol particles. Here, twoinorganic  ∕  organic systems are used to validate the calculation oforganic volume fraction (OVF) and determine the level of associated error byusing carbon K-edge STXM data at 278, 285.4, 288.6, and 320 eV. Using themixture of sodium chloride and sucrose as one system and ammonium sulfate andsucrose as another, three solutions were made with 10:1 , 1:1 , and 1:10 mass ratios (inorganic to organic). The OVFs of the organic-rich aerosols ofboth systems deviated from the bulk OVF by less than 1%, while theinorganic-rich aerosols deviated by approximately 1 %. Aerosols from theequal mass mixture deviated more (about 4 %) due to thick inorganicregions exceeding the linear range of Beer's law. These calculations wereperformed after checking the data for poor image alignment, defocusing issues, andparticles too thick to be analyzed. The potential for systematic error in theOVF calculation was also tested by assuming the incorrect composition. Thereis a small (about 0.5 %) OVF difference if the organic is erroneouslyassumed to be adipic acid rather than the known organic, sucrose. A muchlarger difference (up to 25 %) is seen if sodium chloride is assumedinstead of ammonium sulfate. These results show that the OVF calculations arefairly insensitive to the organic while being much more sensitive to thechoice of inorganic.

Quantitative capabilities of STXM to measure spatially resolved organic volume fractions of mixed organic ∕ inorganic particles