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. Existing ultra-fast response engine exhaust emissions analyzers have beenadapted for on-board vehicle use combined with GPS data. We present, for thefirst time, how high spatio-temporal resolution data products allow transientfeatures associated with internal combustion engines to be examined in detailduring on-road driving. Such data are both useful to examine the circumstancesleading to high emissions, and reveals the accurate position of urban airquality “hot spots” as deposited by the candidate vehicle, useful forsource attribution and dispersion modelling. The fast response time of theanalyzers, which results in 100 Hz data, makes accuratetime-alignment with the vehicle's engine control unit (ECU) signals possible.This enables correlation with transient air fuel ratio, engine speed, load,and other engine parameters, which helps to explain the causes of theemissions “spikes” that portable emissions measurement systems (PEMS) andconventional slow response analyzers would miss or smooth out due to mixingwithin their sampling systems. The data presented is from NO andNOx analyzers, but other fast analyzers (e.g. total hydrocarbons(THC), CO and CO2) can be used similarly. The high levels ofNOx pollution associated with accelerating on entry ramps tomotorways, driving over speed bumps, accelerating away from traffic lights,are explored in detail. The time-aligned ultra-fast analyzers offer uniqueinsight allowing more accurate quantification and better interpretation ofengine and driver activity and the associated emissions impact on local airquality.

High spatio-temporal resolution pollutant measurements of on-board vehicle emissions using ultra-fast response gas analyzers