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According to climate model simulations, the changing altitude of middle and high\udclouds is the dominant contributor to the positive global mean longwave cloud\udfeedback. Nevertheless, the mechanisms of this longwave cloud altitude\udfeedback and its magnitude have not yet been verified by observations.\udAccurate, stable, and long-term observations of a metric-characterizing cloud\udvertical distribution that are related to the longwave cloud radiative effect\udare\udneeded to achieve a better understanding of the mechanism of longwave cloud\udaltitude feedback. This study shows that the direct measurement of the altitude\udof atmospheric lidar opacity is a good candidate for the necessary\udobservational metric. The opacity altitude is the level at which a spaceborne\udlidar beam is fully attenuated when probing an opaque cloud. By combining\udthis altitude with the direct lidar measurement of the cloud-top altitude, we\udderive the effective radiative temperature of opaque clouds which linearly\uddrives (as we will show) the outgoing longwave radiation. We find that, for\udan opaque cloud, a cloud temperature change of 1 K modifies its cloud\udradiative effect by 2 W m<sup>−2</sup>. Similarly, the longwave cloud radiative\udeffect of optically thin clouds can be derived from their top and base\udaltitudes and an estimate of their emissivity. We show with radiative\udtransfer simulations that these relationships hold true at single atmospheric\udcolumn scale, on the scale of the Clouds and the Earth's Radiant Energy\udSystem (CERES) instantaneous footprint, and at monthly mean\ud2° × 2° scale. Opaque clouds cover 35 % of the\udice-free ocean and contribute to 73 % of the global mean cloud radiative\udeffect. Thin-cloud coverage is 36 % and contributes 27 % of the\udglobal mean cloud radiative effect. The link between outgoing longwave\udradiation and the altitude at which a spaceborne lidar beam is fully attenuated\udprovides a simple formulation of the cloud radiative effect in the longwave\uddomain and so helps us to understand the longwave cloud altitude feedback\udmechanism

The link between outgoing longwave radiation and the altitude at which a spaceborne lidar beam is fully attenuated