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The effect of background gas composition on the measurementof CO2 levels was investigated by wavelength-scanned cavity ring-downspectrometry (WS-CRDS) employing a spectral line centered at the R(1) of the(3 00 1)III  ←  (0 0 0) band. For this purpose, eightcylinders with various gas compositions were gravimetrically andvolumetrically prepared within 2σ = 0.1 %, and these gasmixtures were introduced into the WS-CRDS analyzer calibrated againststandards of ambient air composition. Depending on the gas composition,deviations between CRDS-determined and gravimetrically (or volumetrically)assigned CO2 concentrations ranged from −9.77 to 5.36 µmol mol−1,e.g., excess N2 exhibited a negative deviation, whereas excess Arshowed a positive one. The total pressure broadening coefficients (TPBCs)obtained from the composition of N2, O2, and Ar thoroughlycorrected the deviations up to −0.5 to 0.6 µmol mol−1, while these valueswere −0.43 to 1.43 µmol mol−1 considering PBCs induced by only N2. Theuse of TPBC enhanced deviations to be corrected to ∼ 0.15 %. Furthermore, the above correction linearly shifted CRDS responses for a largeextent of TPBCs ranging from 0.065 to 0.081 cm−1 atm−1. Thus,accurate measurements using optical intensity-based techniques such asWS-CRDS require TPBC-based instrument calibration or use standards preparedin the same background composition of ambient air

atmospheric measurement techniques

Validation of spectroscopic gas analyzer accuracy using gravimetric standard gas mixtures: impact of background gas composition on CO&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;2&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; quantitation by cavity ring-down spectroscopy