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To date very little is known about the relation between regional circulationpatterns and sea surface temperature development in the Ni\uf1o 1,2 regionand the occurrence of heavy precipitation in Ecuador and northern Peru. Thecurrent study uses a comprehensive data set of 2544 Meteosat-3 imagery toinvestigate the dynamics of heavy precipitation during El Ni\uf1o in1991/92. Rainfall maps are retrieved by means of an adjusted version of theConvective Stratiform Technique (CST) and Cloud Motion Winds (CMW) areextracted from image sequences by using a special cross-correlationapproach. A spatial factor analysis is applied to extract specific weathersituations with heavy precipitation during El Ni\uf1o events. The factoranalysis yielded 16 factors. It has been proven that the factor patternswith the highest variance explanation also occur during the rainy season ofnon-El Ni\uf1o years. However, 6 El Ni\uf1o-specific situations could bederived which cause heavy rainfall, especially in coastal Ecuador andnorthern Peru. Multi-channel Sea Surface Temperatures (MCSST) and cloudmotion winds are used to describe atmospheric and oceanic dynamics for thesespecific weather situations. The analysis shows that high SSTs incombination with strong SST gradients off the coast and warm SST bubbleslead to regional differences in moist instability and heavy rainfall. Bothlarge scale circulation (reversal of the Walker cell) and regional dynamics(extended land-sea-breeze system) have been proven to contribute to ElNi\uf1o rainfall

Heavy rainfall episodes in Ecuador during El Niño events and associated regional atmospheric circulation and SST patterns