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. Air toxics, also known as hazardous air pollutants (HAPs), have gainedincreased public awareness in recent years. Air toxics may be released fromvarious sources, such as mobile sources, stationary sources, and fugitiveemissions. This study investigated profiles of air toxics from mobilesources, stationary sources, and the operations in a port in an industrialmetropolitan area in Taiwan. Six carcinogens, including benzene,formaldehyde, 1,3-butadiene, arsenic, 2,3,7,8-TCDD, and diesel particulatematter (DPM), were chosen as the target pollutants. The AERMOD model wasapplied to simulate the concentrations of the ambient air toxic species, andthe concentrations were used to evaluate cancer risk. Cancer risk for eachair toxic was also investigated to evaluate the potential impact onresidents. The results of the emission estimation for the base year (2014)showed that the emissions of benzene, 1,3-butadiene, and formaldehyde couldbe mainly attributed to mobile sources in the study areas. Thecontributions, in order, were 86 %, 77 %, and 69 %. DPM emissions fromport operations accounted for 76 %, and most of the arsenic (70 %) and2,3,7,8-TCDD (99 %) were emitted from stationary sources, especially fromthe steel industry. Approximately 66 % and 32 % of the cancer risk ofair toxics were contributed to the emissions from port operations andon-road vehicles, respectively, in this area, and approximately 1.4 % ofthe risk was contributed to stationary sources. DPM was the pollutant thatposed the highest cancer risk among all six air toxics. It accounted formore than 80 % of the overall cancer risk, followed by 1,3-butadiene(10 %), benzene (4.7 %), formaldehyde (1.2 %), arsenic (0.7 %), and2,3,7,8-TCDD (0.2 %). The dominant sources of DPM were ocean-going vesselsand diesel trucks.

Emission Characteristics and Risk Assessment in an Industrial Metropolitan Area in Taiwan using the AERMOD Model