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The NASA Langley Research Center (LaRC) airborne High Spectral ResolutionLidar (HSRL) measures vertical profiles of aerosol extinction, backscatter,and depolarization at both 532 nm and 1064 nm. In March of 2006 the HSRLparticipated in the Megacity Initiative: Local and Global ResearchObservations (MILAGRO) campaign along with several other suites ofinstruments deployed on both aircraft and ground based platforms. This paperpresents high spatial and vertical resolution HSRL measurements of aerosolextinction and optical depth from MILAGRO and comparisons of thosemeasurements with similar measurements from other sensors and modelpredictions. HSRL measurements coincident with airborne in situ aerosolscattering and absorption measurements from two different instrument suiteson the C-130 and G-1 aircraft, airborne aerosol optical depth (AOD)and extinction measurements from an airborne tracking sunphotometer on theJ-31 aircraft, and AOD from a network of ground based Aerosol RoboticNetwork (AERONET) sun photometers are presented as a validation of the HSRLaerosol extinction and optical depth products. Regarding the extinctionvalidation, we find bias differences between HSRL and these instruments tobe less than 3% (0.01 km<sup>&minus;1</sup>) at 532 nm, the wavelength at which theHSRL technique is employed. The rms differences at 532 nm were less than50% (0.015 km<sup>&minus;1</sup>). To our knowledge this is the most comprehensivevalidation of the HSRL measurement of aerosol extinction and optical depthto date. The observed bias differences in ambient aerosol extinction betweenHSRL and other measurements is within 15–20% at visible wavelengths,found by previous studies to be the differences observed with currentstate-of-the-art instrumentation (Schmid et al., 2006)

NASA LaRC airborne high spectral resolution lidar aerosol measurements during MILAGRO: observations and validation