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Understanding the mechanisms that transport pol- lutants from the surface to the free atmosphere is impor- tant for determining the atmosphere's chemical composition. This study quantifies the vertical transport of tropospheric carbon monoxide (CO) by deep mesoscale convective sys- tems and assesses the ability of the satellite-borne Tropo- spheric Emission Spectrometer (TES) to detect the resulting enhanced CO in the upper atmosphere. A squall line that is similar to one occurring during NASA's INTEX-B mission is simulated using a typical environmental wind shear profile and the 2-D Goddard Cumulus Ensemble model. The simu- lation provides post-convection CO profiles. The structure of the simulated squall line is examined, and its vertical trans- port of CO is quantified. Then, TES' ability to resolve the convectively modified CO distribution is documented using a "clear-sky" retrieval scheme. Results show that the sim- ulated squall line transports the greatest mass of CO in the upper levels, with a value of 96t upward and 67t downward at 300 hPa. Results indicate that TES has sufficient sensitiv- ity to resolve convectively lofted CO, as long as the retrieval scene is cloud-free. TES swaths located immediately down- wind of squall lines have the greatest chance of sensing con- vective transport because the impact of clouds on retrieval quality becomes less. A note of caution is to always analyze TES-derived CO data (or data from any satellite sensor) to- gether with the retrieval averaging kernels that describe the information content of the retrieval.

Identifying convective transport of carbon monoxide by comparing remotely sensed observations from TES with cloud modeling simulations