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We use the GEOS-Chem chemistry transport model to interpret thesources and sinks of CO2 that determine variability ofcolumn-averaged volume mixing ratios (CVMRs), as observed by theSCIAMACHY satellite instrument, during the 2003 NorthAmerican growing season.GEOS-Chem generally reproduces the magnitude and seasonal cycle ofobserved CO2 surface VMRs across North America and is quantitativelyconsistent with column VMRs in later years. However, it cannotreproduce the magnitude or variability of FSI-WFM-DOAS SCIAMACHY CVMRs.We use model tagged tracers to show that local fluxes largelydetermine CVMR variability over North America, with the largestindividual CVMR contributions (1.1%) from the land biosphere. Fuelsources are relatively constant while biomass burning makes asignificant contribution only during midsummer. We also show thatnon-local sources contribute significantly to total CVMRs over NorthAmerica, with the boreal Asian land biosphere contributing close to1% in midsummer at high latitudes.We used the monthly-mean Jacobian matrix for North America toillustrate that:~1) North American CVMRs represent a superposition ofmany weak flux signatures, but differences in flux distributionsshould permit independent flux estimation; and 2) the atmospherice-folding lifetimes for many of these flux signatures are 3–4months, beyond which time they are too well-mixed to interpret. Theselong lifetimes will improve the efficacy of observed CVMRs as surfaceCO2 flux constraints

atmospheric chemistry and physics

Interpreting the variability of space-borne CO&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;2&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; column-averaged volume mixing ratios over North America using a chemistry transport model