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The representation of data, whether geophysical observations, numericalmodel output or laboratory results, by a best fit straight line is a routinepractice in the geosciences and other fields. While the literature is fullof detailed analyses of procedures for fitting straight lines to values withuncertainties, a surprising number of scientists blindly use the standardleast-squares method, such as found on calculators and in spreadsheetprograms, that assumes no uncertainties in the x values. Here, the availableprocedures for estimating the best fit straight line to data, includingthose applicable to situations for uncertainties present in both the x andy variables, are reviewed. Representative methods that are presented in theliterature for bivariate weighted fits are compared using several sampledata sets, and guidance is presented as to when the somewhat more involvediterative methods are required, or when the standard least-squares procedurewould be expected to be satisfactory. A spreadsheet-based template is madeavailable that employs one method for bivariate fitting

Technical Note: Review of methods for linear least-squares fitting of data and application to atmospheric chemistry problems