English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Free Plan

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

In September 2002, the first INSPECTRO campaign to study the influence ofclouds on the spectral actinic flux in the lower troposphere wascarried out in East Anglia, England. Measurements of the actinic flux,the irradiance and aerosol and cloud properties were made from fourground stations and by aircraft. The radiation measurements weremodelled using the uvspec model and ancillary data.For cloudless conditions, the measurements of the actinic flux werereproduced by 1-D radiative transfer modelling within the measurement and modeluncertainties of about ±10%.For overcast days, the ground-based and aircraft radiationmeasurements and the cloud microphysical property measurements areconsistent within the framework of 1-D radiative transfer and withinexperimental uncertainties. Furthermore,the actinic flux is increased by between 60-100% above the cloud when comparedto a cloudless sky, with the largest increase for the opticallythickest cloud. Correspondingly, the below cloud actinic flux is decreased byabout 55-65%. Just below the cloud top, the downwelling actinicflux has a maximum that is seen in both the measurements and themodel results.For broken clouds the traditional cloud fraction approximation is notable to simultaneously reproduce the measured above-cloud enhancementand below-cloud reduction in the actinic flux

Spectral actinic flux in the lower troposphere: measurement and 1-D simulations for cloudless, broken cloud and overcast situations