English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Free Plan

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

. The details of aerosol processes and size distributionsin the stratosphere are important for both heterogeneous chemistry andaerosol–radiation interactions. Using in situ, global-scale measurements ofthe size distribution of particles with diameters &gt; 3 nm from theNASA Atmospheric Tomography Mission (ATom), we identify a mode of aerosolsmaller than 12 nm in the lowermost stratosphere (LMS) at mid- and highlatitudes. This mode is substantial only in the Northern Hemisphere (NH)and was observed in all four seasons. We also observe elevated SO2, animportant precursor for new particle formation (NPF) and growth, in the NHLMS. We use box modelling and thermodynamic calculations to show that NPFcan occur in the LMS conditions observed on ATom. Aircraft emissions areshown as likely sources of this SO2, as well as a potential source ofnucleation mode particles directly emitted by or formed in the plume of theengines. These nucleation mode particles have the potential to grow tolarger sizes and to coagulate with larger aerosol, affecting heterogeneouschemistry and aerosol–radiation interactions. Understanding all sources andcharacteristics of stratospheric aerosols is important in the context ofanthropogenic climate change as well as proposals for climate interventionvia stratospheric sulfur injection. This analysis not only adds to the,currently sparse, observations of the global impact of aviation, but alsointroduces another aspect of climate influence, namely a size distributionshift of the background aerosol distribution in the LMS.

Large hemispheric difference in nucleation mode aerosol concentrations in the lowermost stratosphere at mid- and high latitudes