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. The growth of newly formed particles with diameters from∼ 10 nm to larger sizes was investigated in Beijing's urbanatmosphere during 10–23 December 2011, 12–27 April 2012, andJune–August 2014. In 11 out of 27 new particle formation (NPF) eventsduring June–August, the maximum geometric median diameter (Dpgmax) ofnewly formed particles exceeded 75 nm, and the grown new particles maycontribute to the population of cloud condensation nuclei. In contrast, noapparent growth in new particles with Dpgmax &lt; 20 nm wasobserved in all of the events in December, in approximately half of the NPFevents in April, and in only two events during June–August. New particles observedin the latter NPF events were too small to be activated as cloudcondensation nuclei. Apparent new particle growth with Dpgmax ≤ 50 nm was observed in the remaining 18 NPF events. The 11 NPF events duringJune–August with Dpgmax exceeding 75 nm were analyzed in detail. Theparticle growth patterns can be clearly classified into three types:one-stage growth and two-stage growth-A and growth-B patterns. The one-stage growthpattern is characterized by a continuous increase in Dpg withDpgmax ≥ 80 nm (4 out of 11 NPF events), and the two-stage growth-Aand growth-B patterns are characterized by no apparent growth and shrinkageof particles, respectively, in the middle 2–4 h of the growth period (7 outof 11 NPF events). Combining the observations of gaseous pollutants andmeasured (or modeled) concentrations of particulate chemical species, thethree growth patterns were discussed in terms of the spatial heterogeneityof NPF, formation of secondary aerosols, and evaporation of semivolatileparticulates. Secondary organic species and NH4NO3 were arguedto be two major contributors to the growth of new particles, butNH4NO3 likely contributed to growth only in the late afternoonand/or at nighttime.

Investigating three patterns of new particles growing to the size of cloud condensation nuclei in Beijing's urban atmosphere