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. Correct description of the boundary layer mixing processof particle is an important prerequisite for understanding the formationmechanism of pollutants, especially during heavy pollution episodes.Turbulent vertical mixing determines the distribution of momentum, heat,water vapor and pollutants within the planetary boundary layer (PBL).However, what is questionable is that the turbulent mixing process of particlesis usually denoted by turbulent diffusion of heat in theWeather Research and Forecasting model coupled with Chemistry (WRF-Chem).With mixing-length theory, the turbulent diffusion relationship of particleis established, embedded into the WRF-Chem and verified based on long-termsimulations from 2013 to 2017. The new turbulent diffusion coefficient isused to represent the turbulent mixing process of pollutants separately,without deteriorating the simulation results of meteorological parameters.The new turbulent diffusion improves the simulation of pollutantconcentration to varying degrees, and the simulated results of PM2.5concentration are improved by 8.3 % (2013), 17 % (2014), 11 % (2015)and 11.7 % (2017) in eastern China, respectively. Furthermore, thepollutant concentration is expected to increase due to the reduction ofturbulent diffusion in mountainous areas, but the pollutant concentrationdid not change as expected. Therefore, under the influence of complextopography, the turbulent diffusion process is insensitive to the simulationof the pollutant concentration. For mountainous areas, the evolution ofpollutants is more susceptible to advection transport because of thesimulation of obvious wind speed gradient and pollutant concentrationgradient. In addition to the PM2.5 concentration, the concentration ofCO as a primary pollutant has also been improved, which shows that theturbulent diffusion process is extremely critical for variation of thevarious aerosol pollutants. Additional joint research on other processes(e.g., dry deposition, chemical and emission processes) may be necessary topromote the development of the model in the future.

Impact of modified turbulent diffusion of PM&lt;sub&gt;2.5&lt;/sub&gt; aerosol in WRF-Chem simulations in eastern China

Impact of modified turbulent diffusion of PM<sub>2.5</sub> aerosol in WRF-Chem simulations in eastern China