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. Little is known about the formation processes ofnitrooxy organosulfates (OSs) by nighttime chemistry. Here wecharacterize nitrooxy OSs at a molecular level in firework-related aerosolsin urban Beijing during Chinese New Year. High-molecular-weight nitrooxy OSswith relatively low H / C and O / C ratios and high unsaturation are potentiallyaromatic-like nitrooxy OSs. They considerably increased during NewYear's Eve, affected by the firework emissions. We find that largequantities of carboxylic-rich alicyclic molecules possibly formed bynighttime reactions. The sufficient abundance of aliphatic-like andaromatic-like nitrooxy OSs in firework-related aerosols demonstrates thatanthropogenic volatile organic compounds are important precursors ofurban secondary organic aerosols (SOAs). In addition, more than 98 % of thosenitrooxy OSs are extremely low-volatility organic compounds that can easilypartition into and consist in the particle phase and affect the volatility,hygroscopicity, and even toxicity of urban aerosols. Our study provides newinsights into the formation of nitrooxy organosulfates from anthropogenicemissions through nighttime chemistry in the urban atmosphere.

Increase of nitrooxy organosulfates in firework-related urban aerosols during Chinese New Year's Eve