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. In this study, a cruise campaign was conducted over marginal seas in Chinato measure the concentrations of condensation nuclei (Ncn), cloudcondensation nuclei (Nccn) and other pollutants from day of year (DOY)110 to DOY 135 of 2018. The ship self-emission signals were exhaustivelyexcluded, and the mean values of Nccn during the cruise campaign werefound to slightly increase from 3.2±1.1×103 cm−3(mean ± standard deviation) at supersaturation (SS) of 0.2 % to 3.9±1.4×103 cm−3 at SS of 1.0 %, and the mean value forNcn was 8.1±4.4×103 cm−3. Data analysisshowed that marine traffic emissions apparently largely contributed to theincrease in Ncn in the daytime, especially in the marine atmospheresover heavily traveled sea zones; however, the fresh sources made no clearcontribution to the increase in Nccn. This finding was supported by thequantitative relations between Ncn and Nccn at SS = 0.2 %–1.0 %against the mixing ratios of SO2 in the ship self-emission plumes –i.e., a 1 ppb increase in SO2 corresponded to a 1.4×104 cm−3 increase in Ncn but only a 30–170 cm−3 increase inNccn, possibly because of abundant organics in the aerosols. Smoothgrowth can be observed in the marine-traffic-derived particles, reflectingaerosol aging. The estimated hygroscopicity parameter (κ) valueswere generally as high as 0.46–0.55 under the dominant onshore winds,suggesting that inorganic ammonium aerosols likely acted as the majorcontributor to Nccn largely through aerosol aging processes ofdecomposing organics. Moreover, the influences of the new transportedparticles from the continent on the Ncn and Nccn in the marineatmosphere were investigated.

atmospheric chemistry and physics

Variations in &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;N&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;cn&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; and &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;N&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;ccn&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; over marginal seas in China related to marine traffic emissions, new particle formation and aerosol aging