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. The supereruption of Los Chocoyos (14.6 ∘  N,91.2 ∘  W) in Guatemala ∼84  kyr ago was one of thelargest volcanic events of the past 100 000 years. Recent petrologic datashow that the eruption released very large amounts of climate-relevantsulfur and ozone-destroying chlorine and bromine gases ( 523±94  Mtsulfur, 1200±156  Mt chlorine, and 2±0.46  Mt bromine). Using theEarth system model (ESM) of the Community Earth System Model version 2 (CESM2) coupled with the Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model version 6 (WACCM6), we simulated the impacts of the sulfur- and halogen-rich Los Chocoyos eruption on the preindustrial Earth system. Our simulations show that elevated sulfate burden and aerosol optical depth(AOD) persists for 5 years in the model, while the volcanic halogens stayelevated for nearly 15 years. As a consequence, the eruption leads to acollapse of the ozone layer with global mean column ozone values dropping to50 DU (80 % decrease) and leading to a 550 % increase in surface UV over thefirst 5 years, with potential impacts on the biosphere. The volcaniceruption shows an asymmetric-hemispheric response with enhanced aerosol,ozone, UV, and climate signals over the Northern Hemisphere. Surface climateis impacted globally due to peak AOD of >6 , which leads to a maximumsurface cooling of >6  K, precipitation and terrestrial netprimary production decrease of >25  %, and sea ice areaincreases of 40 % in the first 3 years. Locally, a wetting( >100  %) and strong increase in net primary production (NPP) ( >700  %)over northern Africa is simulated in the first 5 years and related to asouthward shift of the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) to thesouthern tropics. The ocean responds with pronounced El Nino conditionsin the first 3 years that shift to the southern tropics and are coherent with the ITCZ change. Recovery to pre-eruption ozone levels and climate takes 15 years and 30 years, respectively. The long-lasting surface cooling is sustained by an immediate increase in the Arctic sea ice area, followed by a decrease in poleward ocean heat transport at 60 ∘  N which lasts up to 20 years. In contrast, when simulating Los Chocoyos conventionally by including sulfurand neglecting halogens, we simulate a larger sulfate burden and AOD, morepronounced surface climate changes, and an increase in column ozone.By comparing our aerosol chemistry ESM results to other supereruptionsimulations with aerosol climate models, we find a higher surface climateimpact per injected sulfur amount than previous studies for our differentsets of model experiments, since the CESM2(WACCM6) creates smaller aerosols witha longer lifetime, partly due to the interactive aerosol chemistry. As themodel uncertainties for the climate response to supereruptions are verylarge, observational evidence from paleo archives and a coordinated modelintercomparison would help to improve our understanding of the climate andenvironment response.

The potential impacts of a sulfur- and halogen-rich supereruption such as Los Chocoyos on the atmosphere and climate