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. An analytical method coupled to multivariate statistical analysis was developed based on transmission-mode direct analysis in real-time quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (TM-DART-QTOF-MS) to interrogate lipophilic compounds in seawater samples without the need for desalinization. An untargeted metabolomics approach is addressed here asseaomics and was successfully implemented to discriminate the sea surface microlayer (SML) from the underlying water (ULW) samples ( n=22 , 10 paired samples) collected during a field campaign at the Cabo Verde islands duringSeptember–October 2017. A panel of 11 ionic species detected in all samples allowed sample class discrimination by means of supervised multivariate statistical models. Tentative identification of the species enriched in the SML samples suggests that fatty alcohols, halogenated compounds, and oxygenatedboron-containing organic compounds are available at the surface forair–water transfer processes. A subset of SML samples ( n=5 ) were subjectedto on-site experiments during the campaign by using a lab-to-field approachto test their secondary organic aerosol (SOA) formation potency. The resultsfrom these experiments and the analytical seaomics strategy provide a proofof a concept that can be used for an approach to identifying organic molecules involved in aerosol formation processes at the air–water interface.

Seawater analysis by ambient mass-spectrometry-based seaomics