English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Free Plan

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

. Mineral dust plays an important role in the climate of the Tibetan Plateau(TP) by modifying the radiation budget, cloud macro- and microphysics,precipitation, and snow albedo. Meanwhile, the TP, with the highesttopography in the world, can affect intercontinental transport of dust plumesand induce typical distribution characteristics of dust at differentaltitudes. In this study, we conduct a quasi-global simulation toinvestigate the characteristics of dust source contribution and transportover the TP at different altitudes by using a fully coupledmeteorology–chemistry model, the Weather Research and Forecasting model with chemistry (WRF-Chem), with a tracer-tagging technique.Generally, the simulation reasonably captures the spatial distribution ofsatellite-retrieved dust aerosol optical depth (AOD) at different altitudes.Model results show that dust particles are emitted into atmosphere throughupdrafts over major desert regions and then transported to the TP. The EastAsian dust (mainly from the Gobi and Taklamakan deserts) is transported southwardand is lifted up to the TP, contributing a mass loading of 50 mg m −2 at a height of3 km and 5 mg m −2 at a height of 12 km over the northern slope of theTP. Dust from North Africa and the Middle East are concentrated over both of thenorthern and southern slopes below 6 km, where mass loadings range from 10to 100 and 1 to 10 mg m −2 below 3 km and above 9 km,respectively. As the dust is transported to the north and over the TP, massloadings are 5–10 mg m −2 above a height of 6 km. The dust mass flux carried from East Asia to the TP is 7.9 Tg yr −1 , mostlyoccurring at heights of 3–6 km. The dust particles from North Africa and the Middle East are transported eastward following the westerly jet and thenare carried into the TP at the west side with dust mass fluxes of 7.8 and 26.6 Tg yr −1 , respectively. The maximum mass flux of the North African dustmainly occurs at 0–3 km (3.9 Tg yr −1 ), while the Middle Eastern dust occurs at 6–9 km(12.3 Tg yr −1 ). The dust outflow occurs on the east side ( −17.89  Tg yr −1 ) andsouth side ( −11.22  Tg yr −1 ) of the TP, with a peak value (8.7 Tg yr −1 ) at6–9 km. Moreover, the dust (by mass) is concentrated within the size range of1.25–5.0  µ m and the dust (by particle number) is concentrated in the sizerange of 0.156–1.25  µ m. Compared with other aerosols, the dust contributes to more than 50 % of the total AOD over the TP. The directradiative forcing induced by the dust is −1.28  W m −2 at the top of theatmosphere (cooling), 0.41 W m −2 in the atmosphere (warming), and −1.68  W m −2 at the surface (cooling). Our quantitative analyses of the dustcontributions from different source regions and the associated radiativeforcing can help us to better understand the role of dust on the climate over theTP and surrounding regions.

Modeling dust sources, transport, and radiative effects at different altitudes over the Tibetan Plateau