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. Impacts of global climate change on the occurrence and development of airpollution have attracted more attention. This study investigates impacts ofthe warming Tibetan Plateau on air quality in the Sichuan Basin.Meteorological observations and ERA-Interim reanalysis data reveal that theplateau has been rapidly warming during the last 40 years (1979–2017),particularly in winter when the warming rate is approximately twice as much asthe annual warming rate. Since 2013, the winter temperature over the plateauhas even risen by 2 ∘C. Here we use the WRF-Chem model to layemphasis on the impact of the 2 ∘C warming on air quality inthe basin. The model results show that the 2 ∘C warming causesan enhanced easterly wind, an increase in the planetary boundary layer height(PBLH) and a decrease in the relative humidity (RH) in the basin. Enhancedeasterly wind increases PM2.5 transport from the basin to theplateau. The elevated PBLH strengthens vertical diffusion of PM2.5,while the decreased RH significantly reduces secondary aerosolformation. Overall, PM2.5 concentration is reduced by 17.5 %(∼25.1 µg m−3), of which the reduction in primary andsecondary aerosols is 5.4 and 19.7 µg m−3, respectively. Theseresults reveal that the recent warming plateau has improved air quality in thebasin, to a certain extent mitigating the air pollution therein.Nevertheless, the climate system is particularly complicated, and more studies areneeded to demonstrate the impact of climate change on air quality in thedownstream regions as the plateau is likely to continue warming. Highlights The Tibetan Plateau is rapidly warming, and the temperature has risen by 2 ∘C from 2013 to 2017. A warming plateau leads to an enhanced easterly wind, an increased PBLH anda decreased RH in the Sichuan Basin. The 2 ∘C warming significantly reduces PM2.5 concentrationin the basin by 25.1 µg m−3, of which secondary aerosol is 19.7 µg m−3.

The warming Tibetan Plateau improves winter air quality in the Sichuan Basin, China