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. We present a new method for the determination of thesource-specific black carbon emission rates. The methodology was applied intwo different environments: an urban location in Ljubljana and a rural onein the Vipava valley (Slovenia, Europe), which differ in pollution sourcesand topography. The atmospheric dynamics was quantified using theatmospheric radon (222Rn) concentration to determine the mixing layerheight for periods of thermally driven planetary boundary layer evolution.The black carbon emission rate was determined using an improved box modeltaking into account boundary layer depth and a horizontal advection term,describing the temporal and spatial exponential decay of black carbonconcentration. The rural Vipava valley is impacted by a significantly highercontribution to black carbon concentration from biomass burning duringwinter (60 %) in comparison to Ljubljana (27 %). Daily averaged blackcarbon emission rates in Ljubljana were210 ± 110 and 260 ± 110 µgm-2h-1 inspring and winter, respectively. Overall black carbon emission rates inVipava valley were only slightly lower compared to Ljubljana: 150 ± 60 and250 ± 160 µgm-2h-1 in spring and winter,respectively. Different daily dynamics of biomass burning and trafficemissions was responsible for slightly higher contribution of biomassburning to measured black carbon concentration, compared to the fraction ofits emission rate. Coupling the high-time-resolution measurements of blackcarbon concentration with atmospheric radon concentration measurements canprovide a useful tool for direct, highly time-resolved measurements of theintensity of emission sources. Source-specific emission rates can be used toassess the efficiency of pollution mitigation measures over longer timeperiods, thereby avoiding the influence of variable meteorology.

The determination of highly time-resolved and source-separated black carbon emission rates using radon as a tracer of atmospheric dynamics