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. The physical characteristics of aerosol particles duringparticle bursts observed at King Sejong Station in the Antarctic Peninsula fromMarch 2009 to December 2016 were analyzed. This study focuses on the seasonalvariation in parameters related to particle formation such as the occurrence,formation rate (FR) and growth rate (GR), condensation sink (CS) and sourcerate of condensable vapor. The number concentrations during new particleformation (NPF) events varied from 1707 to 83 120 cm −3 , with anaverage of 20 649  ±  9290 cm −3 , and the duration of the NPFevents ranged from 0.6 to 14.4 h, with a mean of 4.6±1.5  h. The NPFevent dominantly occurred during austral summer period ( ∼72  %). Themeasured mean values of FR and GR of the aerosol particles were 2.79±1.05  cm −3  s −1 and 0.68±0.27  nm h −1 , respectively,showing enhanced rates in the summer season. The mean value of FR at KingSejong Station was higher than that at other sites in Antarctica, at0.002–0.3 cm −3  s −1 , while those of growth rates were relatively similar to the results observed by previous studies, at 0.4–4.3 nm h −1 . The derived averagevalues of CS and source rate of condensable vapor were ( 6.04 ± 2.74 ) × 10 - 3  s −1 and ( 5.19 ± 3.51 ) × 10 4  cm −3  s −1 , respectively. The contribution of particleformation to cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) concentration was alsoinvestigated. The CCN concentration during the NPF period increasedby approximately 11 % compared with the background concentration. Inaddition, the effects of the origin and pathway of air masses on thecharacteristics of aerosol particles during a NPF event were determined. TheFRs were similar regardless of the origin and pathway, whereas the GRs ofparticles originating from the Antarctic Peninsula and the BellingshausenSea, at 0.77±0.25 and 0.76±0.30  nm h −1 , respectively, werehigher than those of particles originating from the Weddell Sea ( 0.41±0.15  nm h −1 ).

atmospheric chemistry and physics

New particle formation events observed at King Sejong Station, Antarctic Peninsula – Part 1: Physical characteristics and contribution to cloud condensation nuclei