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. A total of 1360 weeks of mercury (Hg) wet depositiondata were collected by the state of Alaska Department of EnvironmentalConservation and the U.S. National Park Service across five stationsspanning up to 8 years. Here, we analyze concentration patterns, sourceregions, and seasonal and annual Hg deposition loadings across these fivesites in Alaska, along with auxiliary trace metals including Cr, Ni, As, andPb. We found that Hg concentrations in precipitation at the two northernmoststations, Nome (64.5∘ N) along the coast of the Bering Sea and theinland site of Gates of the Arctic (66.9∘ N), were statisticallyhigher (average of 5.3 and 5.5 ng L−1, respectively) thanthose at the two lowest-latitude sites, Kodiak Island (57.7∘ N,2.7 ng L−1) and Glacier Bay (58.5∘ N, 2.6 ng L−1). Thesedifferences were largely explained by different precipitation regimes, withhigher precipitation at the lower-latitude stations leading to dilutioneffects. The highest annual Hg deposition loads were consistently observed atKodiak Island (4.80±1.04 µg m−2), while the lowest annualdeposition was at Gates of the Arctic (2.11±0.67 µg m−2).Across all stations and collection years, annual precipitation stronglycontrolled annual Hg deposition, explaining 73 % of the variability inobserved annual Hg deposition. The data further showed that annual Hgdeposition loads across all five Alaska sites were consistently among thelowest in the United States, ranking in the lowest 1 % to 5 % of over 99monitoring stations. Detailed back-trajectory analyses showed diffuse source regions for most Hgdeposition sites suggesting largely global or regional Hg sources. Onenotable exception was Nome, where we found increased Hg contributions fromthe western Pacific Ocean downwind of East Asia. Analysis of other traceelements (As, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, Se, Zn) from Dutch Harbor, Nome, and KodiakIsland showed generally higher trace metal concentrations at the northernstation Nome compared to Kodiak Island further to the south, withconcentrations at Dutch Harbor falling in between. Across all sites, we findtwo distinct groups of correlating elements: Cr and Ni and As and Pb. Weattribute these associations to possibly different source origins, wherebysources of Ni and Cr may be derived from crustal (e.g., dust) sources whileAs and Pb may include long-range transport of anthropogenic pollution. Hgwas not strongly associated with either of these two groups.

Mercury and trace metal wet deposition across five stations in Alaska: controlling factors, spatial patterns, and source regions