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Abstract. The circulation of the stratosphere, also known as the Brewer–Dobsoncirculation, transports water vapor and ozone, with implications forradiative forcing and climate. This circulation is typically quantified frommodel output by calculating the tropical upwelling vertical velocity in theresidual circulation framework, and it is estimated from observations byusing time series of tropical water vapor to infer a vertical velocity.Recent theory has introduced a method to calculate the strength of the globalmean diabatic circulation through isentropes from satellite measurements oflong-lived tracers. In this paper, we explore this global diabaticcirculation as it relates to the residual circulation vertical velocity,stratospheric water vapor, and ozone at interannual timescales. We use acomprehensive climate model, three reanalysis data products, and satelliteozone data. The different metrics for the circulation have differentproperties, especially with regards to the vertical autocorrelation. In themodel, the different residual circulation metrics agree closely and are wellcorrelated with the global diabatic circulation, except in the lowermoststratosphere. In the reanalysis products, however, there are more differencesthroughout, indicating the dynamical inconsistencies of these products. Thevertical velocity derived from the time series of water vapor in the tropicsis significantly correlated with the global diabatic circulation, but thisrelationship is not as strong as that between the global diabatic circulationand the residual circulation vertical velocity. We find that the globaldiabatic circulation in the lower to middle stratosphere (up to 500 K) iscorrelated with the total column ozone in the high latitudes and in thetropics. The upper-level circulation is also correlated with the total columnozone, primarily in the subtropics, and we show that this is due to thecorrelation of both the circulation and the ozone with upper-leveltemperatures.

The global diabatic circulation of the stratosphere as a metric for the Brewer–Dobson circulation