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. Studies of stratosphere–troposphere coupling, particularly thoseseeking to understand the dynamical processes underlying the couplingfollowing extreme events such as major stratospheric warmings, suffersignificantly from the relatively small number of such events in the“satellite” era (1979 to present). This limited sampling of a highlyvariable dynamical system means that composite averages tend to have largeuncertainties. Including years during which radiosonde observations of thestratosphere were of sufficiently high quality substantially extends thisrecord, reducing this sampling uncertainty by up to 20 %. Moreover, many openquestions in this field involve aspects of tropospheric dynamics likely to bebetter constrained by “conventional” (i.e. radiosonde and surface-based)observations. Based on an intercomparison of reanalyses, a quantitative case is made that formany purposes the improved sampling obtained by including this periodoutweighs the reduced precision of the reanalyses in the Northern Hemisphere.Studies of stratosphere–troposphere coupling should therefore consider theuse of this period when using reanalysis data. These results also supportcontinued attention on this period from centres producing reanalyses.

On the value of reanalyses prior to 1979 for dynamical studies of stratosphere–troposphere coupling