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. Aerosol optical properties (AOPs) describe the ability ofaerosols to scatter and absorb radiation at different wavelengths. Sinceaerosol particles interact with the sun's radiation, they impact theclimate. Our study focuses on the long-term trends and seasonal variationsof different AOPs measured at a rural boreal forest site in northern Europe.To explain the observed variations in the AOPs, we also analyzed changes inthe aerosol size distribution. AOPs of particles smaller than 10  µ m(PM 10 ) and 1  µ m (PM 1 ) have been measured at SMEAR II, in southernFinland, since 2006 and 2010, respectively. For PM 10 particles, the medianvalues of the scattering and absorption coefficients, single-scatteringalbedo, and backscatter fraction at λ=550  nm were 9.8Mm −1 , 1.3 Mm −1 , 0.88, and 0.14. The median values of scattering andabsorption Angstrom exponents at the wavelength ranges 450–700and 370–950 nm were 1.88 and 0.99, respectively. We found statisticallysignificant trends for the PM 10 scattering and absorption coefficients,single-scattering albedo, and backscatter fraction, and the slopes of thesetrends were −0.32  Mm −1 , −0.086  Mm −1 , 2.2 × 10 - 3 , and 1.3 × 10 - 3 per year. The tendency for the extensive AOPs to decreasecorrelated well with the decrease in aerosol number and volumeconcentrations. The tendency for the backscattering fraction andsingle-scattering albedo to increase indicates that the aerosol sizedistribution consists of fewer larger particles and that aerosols absorb lesslight than at the beginning of the measurements. The trends of thesingle-scattering albedo and backscattering fraction influenced the aerosolradiative forcing efficiency, indicating that the aerosol particles arescattering the radiation more effectively back into space.

Over a 10-year record of aerosol optical properties at SMEAR II