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. A severe dust storm event originated from the Gobi Desert in Central and EastAsia during 2–7 May 2017. Based on Moderate Resolution ImagingSpectroradiometer (MODIS) satellite products, hourly environmental monitoringmeasurements from Chinese cities and East Asian meteorological observationstations, and numerical simulations, we analysed the spatial and temporalcharacteristics of this dust event as well as its associated impact on theAsia-Pacific region. The maximum observed hourly PM10 (particulatematter with an aerodynamic diameter ≤ 10 µm) concentrationwas above 1000 µg m−3 in Beijing, Tianjin, Shijiazhuang,Baoding, and Langfang and above 2000 µg m−3 in Erdos, Hohhot,Baotou, and Alxa in northern China. This dust event affected over8.35 million km2, or 87 % of the Chinese mainland, and significantly deteriorated air quality in 316 cities ofthe 367 cities examined across China. The maximum surface wind speed duringthe dust storm was 23–24 m s−1 in the Mongolian Gobi Desert and20–22 m s−1 in central Inner Mongolia, indicating the potentialsource regions of this dust event. Lidar-derived vertical dust profiles inBeijing, Seoul, and Tokyo indicated dust aerosols were uplifted to analtitude of 1.5–3.5 km, whereas simulations by the Weather Research andForecasting with Chemistry (WRF-Chem) model indicated 20.4 and 5.3 Tg ofaeolian dust being deposited respectively across continental Asia and theNorth Pacific Ocean. According to forward trajectory analysis by the FLEXiblePARTicle dispersion (FLEXPART) model, the East Asian dust plume moved acrossthe North Pacific within a week. Dust concentrations decreased from the EastAsian continent across the Pacific Ocean from a magnitude of 103 to10−5 µg m−3, while dust deposition intensity ranged from104 to 10−1 mg m−2. This dust event was unusual due to itsimpact on continental China, the Korean Peninsula, Japan, and the NorthPacific Ocean. Asian dust storms such as those observed in early May 2017 maylead to wider climate forcing on a global scale.

East Asian dust storm in May 2017: observations, modelling, and its influence on the Asia-Pacific region