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. We characterised trace gas emissions from Australian temperate forest firesthrough a mixture of open-path Fourier transform infrared (OP-FTIR) measurements and selective ion flow tubemass spectrometry (SIFT-MS) and White cell FTIR analysis of grab samples. Wereport emission factors for a total of 25 trace gas species measured in smokefrom nine prescribed fires. We find significant dependence on modifiedcombustion efficiency (MCE) for some species, although regional differencesindicate that the use of MCE as a proxy may be limited. We also find that thefire-integrated MCE values derived from our in situ on-the-ground open-pathmeasurements are not significantly different from those reported for airbornemeasurements of smoke from fires in the same ecosystem. We then compare ouraverage emission factors to those measured for temperate forest fireselsewhere (North America) and for fires in another dominant Australianecosystem (savanna) and find significant differences in both cases. Indeed,we find that although the emission factors of some species agree within20  % , including those of hydrogen cyanide, ethene, methanol, formaldehydeand 1,3-butadiene, others, such as acetic acid, ethanol, monoterpenes,ammonia, acetonitrile and pyrrole, differ by a factor of 2 or more. Thisindicates that the use of ecosystem-specific emission factors is warrantedfor applications involving emissions from Australian forest fires.

Emissions of trace gases from Australian temperate forest fires: emission factors and dependence on modified combustion efficiency