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. Nocturnal turbulent kinetic energy (TKE) and fluxes of energy, CO2 and O3 between the Amazon forest andthe atmosphere are evaluated for a 20-day campaign at the Amazon Tall Tower Observatory (ATTO) site. The distinction ofthese quantities between fully turbulent (weakly stable) and intermittent (very stable) nights is discussed. Spectralanalysis indicates that low-frequency, nonturbulent fluctuations are responsible for a large portion of the variabilityobserved on intermittent nights. In these conditions, the low-frequency exchange may dominate over the turbulenttransfer. In particular, we show that within the canopy most of the exchange of CO2 and H2O happens ontemporal scales longer than 100  s . At 80  m , on the other hand, the turbulent fluxes are almost absent insuch very stable conditions, suggesting a boundary layer shallower than 80  m . The relationship between TKE andmean winds shows that the stable boundary layer switches from the very stable to the weakly stable regime duringintermittent bursts of turbulence. In general, fluxes estimated with long temporal windows that account for low-frequency effects are more dependent on the stability over a deeper layer above the forest than they are on thestability between the top of the canopy and its interior, suggesting that low-frequency processes are controlled overa deeper layer above the forest.

Nighttime wind and scalar variability within and above an Amazonian canopy