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. Fires represent an air quality challenge because they arelarge, dynamic and transient sources of particulate matter and ozoneprecursors. Transported smoke can deteriorate air quality over largeregions. Fire severity and frequency are likely to increase in the future,exacerbating an existing problem. Using the National EnvironmentalSatellite, Data, and Information Service (NESDIS) Hazard Mapping System (HMS)smoke data for North America for the period 2007 to 2014, we examine asubset of fires that are confirmed to have produced sufficient smoke towarrant the initiation of a U.S. National Weather Service smoke forecast. Wefind that gridded HMS-analyzed fires are well correlated ( r=  0.84) withemissions from the Global Fire Emissions Inventory Database 4s (GFED4s). Wedefine a new metric, smoke hours, by linking observed smoke plumes to activefires using ensembles of forward trajectories. This work shows that theSouthwest, Northwest, and Northwest Territories initiate the most airquality forecasts and produce more smoke than any other North Americanregion by measure of the number of HYSPLIT points analyzed, the duration ofthose HYSPLIT points, and the total number of smoke hours produced. Theaverage number of days with smoke plumes overhead is largest over thenorth-central United States. Only Alaska, the Northwest, the Southwest, and SoutheastUnited States regions produce the majority of smoke plumes observed over their ownborders. This work moves a new dataset from a daily operational setting to aresearch context, and it demonstrates how changes to the frequency orintensity of fires in the western United States could impact other regions.

Connecting smoke plumes to sources using Hazard Mapping System (HMS) smoke and fire location data over North America