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. The composition of atmospheric aerosol particles has been found to influencetheir micro-physical properties and their interaction with water vapour inthe atmosphere. Core–shell models have been used to investigate therelationship between composition, viscosity and equilibration timescales.These models have traditionally relied on the Fickian laws of diffusion withno explicit account of non-ideal interactions. We introduce theMaxwell–Stefan diffusion framework as an alternative method, which explicitlyaccounts for non-ideal interactions through activity coefficients. e-foldingtime is the time it takes for the difference in surface and bulkconcentration to change by an exponential factor and was used to investigatethe interplay between viscosity and solubility and the effect this has onequilibration timescales within individual aerosol particles. The e-foldingtime was estimated after instantaneous increases in relative humidity tobinary systems of water and an organic component. At low water molefractions, viscous effects were found to dominate mixing. However, at highwater mole fractions, equilibration times were more sensitive to a range insolubility, shown through the greater variation in e-folding times. This isthe first time the Maxwell–Stefan framework has been applied to anatmospheric aerosol core–shell model and shows that there is a complexinterplay between the viscous and solubility effects on aerosol compositionthat requires further investigation.

Maxwell–Stefan diffusion: a framework for predicting condensed phase diffusion and phase separation in atmospheric aerosol