English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Free Plan

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

. The COnvective Precipitation Experiment (COPE) was designed to investigatethe origins of heavy convective precipitation over the southwestern UK, aregion that experiences flash flooding due to heavy precipitation fromslow-moving convective systems. In this study, the microphysical anddynamical characteristics of developing turrets during 4 days in July andAugust 2013 are analyzed. In situ cloud microphysical measurements from theUniversity of Wyoming King Air and vertically pointing W-band radarmeasurements from Wyoming Cloud Radar are examined, together with data fromthe ground-based NXPol radar. The 4 days presented here cover a range of environmental conditions interms of wind shear and instability, resulting in a similarly widevariability in observed ice crystal concentrations, both across days as wellas between clouds on individual days. The highest concentration of ice wasobserved on the days in which there was an active warm-rain process supplyingprecipitation-sized liquid drops. The high ice concentrations observed (&gt;100 L−1) are consistent with the production of secondary ice particlesthrough the Hallett–Mossop process. Turrets that ascended through remnantcloud layers above the 0 ∘C level had higher ice particleconcentrations, suggesting that entrainment of ice particles from olderclouds or previous thermals may have acted to aid in the production ofsecondary ice through the Hallett–Mossop process. Other mechanisms such asthe shattering of frozen drops may be more important for producing ice inmore isolated clouds.

Observations of the microphysical evolution of convective clouds in the southwest of the United Kingdom