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Abstract. Atmospheric processing of iron in dust and combustion aerosols is simulated using anintermediate-complexity soluble iron mechanism designed for Earth systemmodels. The solubilization mechanism includes both a dependence on aerosolwater pH and in-cloud oxalic acid. The simulations of size-resolved total,soluble and fractional iron solubility indicate that this mechanism capturesmany but not all of the features seen from cruise observations of labileiron. The primary objective was to determine the extent to which oursolubility scheme could adequately match observations of fractional ironsolubility. We define a semi-quantitative metric as the model mean at pointswith observations divided by the observational mean (MMO). The model is inreasonable agreement with observations of fractional iron solubility with anMMO of 0.86. Several sensitivity studies are performed to ascertain thedegree of complexity needed to match observations; including the oxalic acidenhancement is necessary, while different parameterizations for calculatingmodel oxalate concentrations are less important. The percent change insoluble iron deposition between the reference case (REF) and the simulationwith acidic processing alone is 63.8 %, which is consistent with previousstudies. Upon deposition to global oceans, global mean combustion ironsolubility to total fractional iron solubility is 8.2 %; however, thecontribution of fractional iron solubility from combustion sources to oceanbasins below 15 ∘  S is approximately 50 %. We conclude that, inmany remote ocean regions, sources of iron from combustion and dust aerosolsare equally important. Our estimates of changes in deposition of soluble ironto the ocean since preindustrial climate conditions suggest roughly a doubling due to a combination ofhigher dust and combustion iron emissions along with more efficientatmospheric processing.

atmospheric chemistry and physics

Atmospheric processing of iron in mineral and combustion aerosols: development of an intermediate-complexity mechanism suitable for Earth system models