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. PM10 aerosol was sampled in Santiago, the largest island of CaboVerde, for 1 year, and analysed for elements, ions and carbonaceous material.Very high levels of dust were measured during the winter months, as a resultof the direct transport of dust plumes from the African continent. Ionic andmass balances (IMBs) were applied to the analysed compounds, permitting thedetermination of six to seven different processes and source contributions tothe aerosol loading: insoluble and soluble dust, sea salt, carbonaceousmaterial and secondary inorganic compounds resulting from the reaction ofacidic precursors with ammonia, sea salt and dust. The mass balance could be closed bythe consideration and estimation of sorbed water that constituted20 %–30 % of the aerosol mass. The balance methodology was comparedwith positive matrix factorisation (PMF), showing similar qualitative sourcecomposition. In quantitative terms, while for soil dust and secondaryinorganic compound source classes, the results are similar, for other sourcessuch as sea-salt spray there are significant differences in periods of dustepisodes. The discrepancies between both approaches are interpreted based oncalculated source profiles. The joint utilisation of the two methodologies,which are complementary, gives confidence in our capability for the correctsource apportionment of aerosol particles.

Source apportionment of atmospheric aerosol in a marine dusty environment by ionic/composition mass balance (IMB)