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We conducted a comprehensive field campaign to explore theoptical characteristics of mineral dust in Dunhuang farmland near the GobiDesert of northwest China during spring of 2012. The day-to-day and diurnalvariations of dust aerosol showed prominent features throughout theexperiment, primarily attributable to frequent dust events and localanthropogenic emissions. The overall average mass concentrations of theparticulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter less than 10 µm(PM10), light scattering coefficient (σsp, 670), absorptioncoefficient (σap, 670), and single-scattering albedo(SSA670) were 113 ± 169 µg m−3,53.3 ± 74.8 Mm−1, 3.2 ± 2.4 Mm−1, and 0.913 ± 0.05, respectively, which werecomparable to the background levels in the southern United States but smallerthan those in the eastern and other northwestern Chinese cities. The anthropogenicdust produced by agricultural cultivations (e.g., land planning, plowing,and disking) exerted a significant superimposed effect on high dustconcentrations in Dunhuang farmland prior to the growing season (i.e., from 1April to 10 May). Strong south valley wind and vertical mixing in daytimescavenged the pollution, and the weak northeast mountain wind and stableinversion layer at night favorably accumulated the air pollutants near thesurface. In the afternoon (13:00–18:00 LT, local time), mean SSA670was 0.945 ± 0.04 predominantly from dust particles, whereas finerparticles and lower SSA670 values ( ∼  0.90–0.92) weremeasured at night, suggesting the potential influence by the mixeddust pollutants. During a typical biomass burning event on 4 April 2012,σap, 670 increased from  ∼  2.0 to 4.75 Mm−1 and SSA670 changed from  ∼  0.90 to ∼  0.83, implying remarkable modification of aerosol absorptiveproperties induced by human activities. The findings of this study wouldhelp to advance an in-depth understanding of the interaction among dustaerosol, atmospheric chemistry, and climate change in a desert source region

atmospheric chemistry and physics

Measurement of scattering and absorption properties of dust aerosol in a Gobi farmland region of northwestern China – a potential anthropogenic influence