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Total OH reactivity measurements were conducted on the PekingUniversity campus (Beijing) in August 2013 and in Heshan (Guangdong province)from October to November 2014. The daily median OH reactivity was 20 ± 11 s−1 in Beijing and 31 ± 20 s−1 in Heshan, respectively.The data in Beijing showed a distinct diurnal pattern with the maxima over27 s−1 in the early morning and minima below 16 s−1 in the afternoon. Thediurnal pattern in Heshan was not as evident as in Beijing. Missingreactivity, defined as the difference between measured and calculated OHreactivity, was observed at both sites, with 21 % missing reactivity in Beijing and32 % missing reactivity in Heshan. Unmeasured primary species, such asbranched alkenes, could contribute to missing reactivity in Beijing,especially during morning rush hours. An observation-based model with the RACM2(Regional Atmospheric Chemical Mechanism version 2) was used to understandthe daytime missing reactivity in Beijing by adding unmeasured oxygenatedvolatile organic compounds and simulated intermediates of the degradationfrom primary volatile organic compounds (VOCs). However, the model could not find a convincingexplanation for the missing reactivity in Heshan, where the ambient air was found to bemore aged, and the missing reactivity was presumably attributed to oxidizedspecies, such as unmeasured aldehydes, acids and dicarbonyls. The ozoneproduction efficiency was 21 % higher in Beijing and 30 % higher inHeshan when the model was constrained by the measured reactivity, compared tothe calculations with measured and modeled species included, indicating theimportance of quantifying the OH reactivity for better understanding ozonechemistry

How the OH reactivity affects the ozone production efficiency: case studies in Beijing and Heshan, China