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Using satellite observations, reanalysis data, and model simulations, thisstudy investigates the effect of sea surface temperature (SST) on interannualvariations of lower-stratospheric ozone at southern high latitudes in australspring. It is found that the SST variations across the East Asian marginalseas (5° S–35° N, 100–140° E) rather than thetropical eastern Pacific Ocean, where ENSO occurs, have the most significantcorrelation with the southern high-latitude lower-stratospheric ozone changesin austral spring. Further analysis reveals that planetary waves originatingover the marginal seas in austral spring can propagate towards southernmiddle to high latitudes via teleconnection pathway. The anomalouspropagation and dissipation of ultra-long Rossby waves in the stratospherestrengthen/cool (weaken/warm) the southern polar vortex, which produces more(less) active chlorine and enhances (suppresses) ozone depletion in thesouthern high-latitude stratosphere on one the hand and impedes (favors) thetransport of ozone from the southern middle-latitude stratosphere to highlatitudes on the other. The model simulations also reveal that approximately17 % of the decreasing trend in the southern high-latitudelower-stratospheric ozone observed over the past 5 decades may be associatedwith the increasing trend in SST over the East Asian marginal seas

atmospheric chemistry and physics

The relationship between lower-stratospheric ozone at southern high latitudes and sea surface temperature in the East Asian marginal seas in austral spring