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Ground-based measurements of black carbon (BC) were performed nearan industrial source region in the early summer of 2014 and at a remoteisland in Japan in the spring of 2015. Here, we report the temporalvariations in the transport, size distributions, and mixing states of theBC-containing particles. These particles were characterized using acontinuous soot monitoring system, a single particle soot photometer, and anaerosol chemical speciation monitor. The effects of aging on the growth ofBC-containing particles were examined by comparing the ground-basedobservations between the near-source and remote island sites. Secondaryformation of sulfate and organic aerosols strongly affected the increases inBC coating (i.e., enhancement of cloud condensation nuclei activity) with airmass aging from the source to the outflow regions. The effects of wet removalon BC microphysics were elucidated by classifying the continental outflow airmasses depending on the enhancement ratios of BC to CO (ΔBC ∕ ΔCO), which were used as an indicator of the transport efficiency ofBC. It was found that ΔBC ∕ ΔCO ratios were controlled mainlyby the wet removal during transport in the planetary boundary layer (PBL) onthe timescale of 1–2 days. The meteorological conditions and backwardtrajectory analyses suggested that air masses strongly affected by wetremoval originated mainly from a region in southern China (20–35° N) in the spring of 2015. Removal of large andthickly coated BC-containing particles was detected in the air masses thatwere substantially affected by the wet removal in the PBL, as predicted byKöhler theory. The size and water solubility of BC-containing particlesin the PBL can be altered by the wet removal as well as the condensation ofnon-BC materials

Alteration of the size distributions and mixing states of black carbon through transport in the boundary layer in east Asia